[6][7], The two lion specimens in Chicago's Field Museum are known as FMNH 23970, the 'standing' mount, killed on 9 December 1898, and FMNH 23969, the 'crouching' mount, killed on 29 December 1898. Remington arrived in Tsavo in just enough time to save Patterson from his enraged workers, pointing a gun at their leader, Abdullah's head, and forcing him and the others to back down, before calling forth his Masai crew and greeting his friend, Samuel, with a hug, as well as greeting Patterson himself. This reduced total was based on their review of Colonel Patterson's original journal, courtesy of Alan Patterson. Later that night, the remaining lion dragged Remington from his tent and killed him, and his body was later cremated by Patterson and Samuel where they found him. The film was shot mainly on location at Songimvelo Game Reserve in South Africa, rather than Kenya, due to tax laws. Why do Tsavo lions not have manes? Others said that Tsavos hostile lions have uncommonly high testosterone levels, understood to create male pattern baldness in people. Construction of the British colonial railroad under the hot African sun stopped. And the question of why the lions developed a taste for human. This personality did not exist in guide The Man-Eaters of Tsavo. Possibly Maureen knows some type of mandatory training for lions so they no longer engage in such repulsive, socially unacceptable behavior?, Your email address will not be published. Zoologists in 2001 wrote a report in the Journal of East African Natural History stating that when lions attack people, they typically eat the large fleshy parts, including the buttocks, thighs and arms.. The Remington character is a composite of several big game hunters. Its an interesting variation, as elsewhere manes are believed to help lions survive territorial disputes with other males, as a kind of head and neck armor. in 2005 counted nearly 600 deaths and 300 people injured by lions in Tanzania alone since 1990. Patterson positioned himself behind an ant hill and waited for the lion to walk past. The Tsavo Man-Eaters were a set of man-eating male lions in the Tsavo region of Kenya, which was accountable for the deaths of lots of building employees on the Kenya-Uganda Train between March and also December 1898. The lions to some extent are the stars of the story and they were exceptional creatures. Patterson's courage in the face of imminent deathby some accounts, the lions killed as many as 130 people during their nine-month reign of terrormakes for a fascinating read. It appears to have a 26 barrel and is probably chambered for . There was an interval of several months when the attacks ceased, but word trickled in from other nearby settlements of similar lion attacks. Elephant populations had plummeted and as a result, woodlands were expanding and the savannahs grazers were being driven away. "Bwana Devil! Patterson had a lion problem delaying his railroad, but the British military officer, with experience killing tigers in India, had a plan. Since the hides had been made into rugs, when it came time for a Field Museum taxidermist to full-body mount them, the lions ended up much smaller in size than they were in real life. Now, we have got the complete detailed explanation and answer for everyone, who is interested! Heres how different cold and flu drugs work, Searching for traces of the ancient Chola dynasty, This desert oasis is a time capsule of Egypts grand past, This mysterious son of a witch founded Glasgow, Singapores art and culture scene is a love letter to its city, An adventure across Abu Dhabis diverse landscapes, Wildlife on the move: from trafficking to rescue and rewilding, Video Story, An adventure across Abu Dhabis diverse landscapes, Video Story, Copyright 1996-2015 National Geographic Society, Copyright 2015-2023 National Geographic Partners, LLC. Tsavo is a region of Kenya situated at the crossing of the Uganda Railway over the Tsavo River, close to where it satisfies the Athi River. Slave caravans to the center of the, The lions appear as a difficulty to be overcome in the "Cape to Cairo" scenario of the video game, Tsavo'ka (translation: Ghost in the Darkness) is a rare tiger that can be found on the Timeless Isle in, Tsavo mane lengths exist in the online game, This page was last edited on 1 January 2023, at 15:05. VideoChess gets a risqu makeover, The Nigerian influencers paid to manipulate your vote, How a baffling census delay is hurting Indians, How Mafia boss was caught at a clinic after 30 years. Explaining what he knew of the situation at Tsavo, Remington and Patterson both agreed that he would take charge of the hunt for the lions. The skins arrived at the museum in very poor condition. In March 1898, just a few short days after his arrival, news of some missing workers appeared at Pattersons desk. It is not that they are special there are many male lions that are maneless. The human samples came from remains collected by anthropologist Louis Leakey during his East African Archaeological Expedition of 1929. The lion pair was said to have killed 135 people total, but modern estimates place it at 35 total. Remington was an American from the southern United States, who grew up in a town where two bullying brothers were a constant problem. In the film, Patterson (Val Kilmer), used a BSA Lee-Speed Sporter rifle as his primary firearm. In 1898 two African lions, known locally as The Ghost and The Darkness, killed a number of workers on the East Africa Railroad at the Tsavo River and halted the project until they were hunted down and shot by a British foreman. The man-eaters were different. The story had caused such a commotion in both Kenya and the United Kingdom that Lord Salisbury, the UK Prime Minister at the time, spoke in Parliament about the incident: The whole of the works were put to a stop because a pair of man-eating lions appeared in the locality and conceived a most unfortunate taste for our workmen. At first, he took no action, but as the day passed, news of more workers disappearing came through, and the rumors turned out to be a reality. After repeated unsuccessful attempts, he shot the first lion on 9 December 1898. What special things happened in September? Twenty days later, the second lion was found and killed. Twitter Remington's initial attempt to trap one lion in a thicket fails when Patterson's borrowed gun misfires. A few years after the events at Tsavo, Patterson was involved in a scandal that made him the talk of big-game hunting high society in Africa. At this, Remington told Patterson he would be the one using it, with him in a tree too far away to protect him. Zionist leader, journalist and orator born in Odessa, He founded the militant Zionist Revisionist movement that played an important role in the establishment of the State of Israel, Convinced the British government to allow military participation by Jewish refugees from the Ottoman Empire during World War One, Zionist pioneer and former hero of the tsarist army, born in Russia, Died at the Tel Hai (Tal-ha in Arabic) former settlement in 1920, in an early battle of the Arab-Israeli conflict. There were a pair of maneless male lions stalking the railway construction workers campsite at night and dragging people from their tents as they slept. Zelensky says fatal crash was consequence of war, New Zealand PM Ardern to step down next month, Arizona town with no water using rain to flush toilets. The stuffed carcases are in the Field Museum in Chicago but the taxidermist's art has apparently somewhat diminished their impact according to legend the original skins had been used as rugs and so when it was decided to stuff and mount them they came out slightly smaller than they had originally been. It was December 29, 1898. Flustered, he hadnt fired the left barrel. This research also excludes, but does not disprove, the claims that the lions were not eating the victims they killed but merely killing just to kill. Please be respectful of copyright. Who was Ukrainian minister Denys Monastyrsky? The lion came within 15 yards of his position, but Pattersons double-barreled rifle misfired. As you have probably already guessed, the film takes quite a few liberties with the real story of what happened with these lion attacks in East Africa. The lion pair was said to have killed 135 people total, but modern estimates place it at 35 total. Ireland was then part of the United Kingdom and military service was a popular option for many young Irishmen - partly from a want of other opportunities and partly from a sense of adventure. At last the labourers entirely declined to carry on unless they were guarded by iron entrenchments. Was Remington killed by lions? At this point workers were fleeing from Tsavo and the bridge construction was put on hold. And the hunters lurking in the darkness of the Kenyan savannah became known as the Man-eaters of Tsavo for their nine-month-long reign of terror. After logging in you can close it and return to this page. When he arrived in the capital city of Nairobi, a lion had just killed a woman, and only weeks earlier a cattle herder was killed and eaten. This specimen is also on display in the museum. Tucked within an arresting collection of taxidermied mammals of Africa in the Rice Gallery, the man-eating lions of Tsavo are two of the Field Museums most famous residentsand also the most infamous. He writes for his micro-blog @LateNightHistoryon Instagram, where he shares the story behind the image. He killed the first man-eater with two bullets from his rifle. Read about our approach to external linking. Many years later the Field Museum bought a third man-eating lion from Mfuwe, Zambia, killing and eating six people in 1991. Founded in 1816 by Eliphalet Remington (as E. Remington and Sons) in Ilion, New York, it was one of the oldest gun makers in the US and claimed to be the oldest factory in the US that still made its original product. The first lion was killed on 9 December 1898 and the second lion was killed after 20 days. Tsavo is a large, wild area in southeast Kenya. His partner switched menus even more dramatically, moving to a diet of browsers (giraffe, kudu and the like) and humans. Remington arrived in Tsavo in just enough time to save Patterson from his enraged workers, pointing a gun at their leader, Abdullahs head, and forcing him and the others to back down, before calling forth his Masai crew and greeting his friend, Samuel, with a hug, as well as greeting Patterson himself. Later that night, the remaining lion dragged Remington from his tent and killed him , and his body was later cremated by Patterson and Samuel where they found him. After these incidents in March, there was a period of calm with no lion attacks. As they celebrated the victory, Remington and Patterson laughed at the notion that the last lion was scared and talked of lost desires, before Remington, laughing at a humorous comment by Patterson, went to bed, telling him to hold his son high when he met him. It's hard to be sure, but the two lions between them may have killed more than 100 people in all. During a nine-month period in 1898, the lions killed at least 35 people and as many as 135, according to different accounts. To understand this well need to go back to 1898. He noted that at the start of the attacks only one lion at a time would enter the camp to take a victim, but as the weeks and months went on the lions became more brazen, both walking together into camp to seize a victim each. Eating humans was probably an alternative to hunting or scavenging caused by dental disease and/or a limited number of prey. Thats not unusual at Tsavo, said Samuel Kasiki, the deputy director of biodiversity research and monitoring with the Kenya Wildlife Service. There have been NO REPORTS of a woman killed by a lion in Nairobi, neither have there been other incidences where lions have attacked and killed LET ALONE EAT a human being in Tsavo. Most often asked questions related to bitcoin! According to John Henry Pattersons book The Man-eaters of Tsavo, the first lion was 2.95 meters long from nose to tip of the tail and took eight men to carry it back to the campsite. [25] Mfuwe man-eating lion : The Mfuwe Man-eater was a very large man-eating lion that devoured 6 people in the Luangwa River Valley in Zambia, before it . Charles Remington was summoned to Fair Lawn, New Jersey by Joseph Destroyer, a knight of Leonard, to help Colonel Robert Dodderson, a military engineer trying to build a bridge there, to kill a pair of man-eating lions that were causing him trouble and holding up the railway. CNN reported in 2015 that a lion killed a woman while she was taking photos of them. The Lions of Tsavo: Exploring the Legacy of Africas Notorious Man-Eaters, Copyright - SafarisAfricana are a division of NoSweat Digital Ltd, Kemp House, 152 160 City Road, London EC1V 2NX. The Tsavo Man-Eaters were a pair of man-eating male lions in the Tsavo region of Kenya, which were responsible for the deaths of many construction workers on the Kenya-Uganda Railway between March and December 1898. However, Remignton eventually settled their reign after he grew older. Yeake took samples of the lions bone collagen and hair keratin, and measured the ratio of carbon and nitrogen isotopes. By 1898 he'd been commissioned to oversee the construction of a railway bridge over a ravine at Tsavo, in Kenya, but found work was being held up by two man-eating lions who were terrorising the huge camps housing the Indian and African labourers. Your sources of information have distorted the truth completely. Explaining what he knew of the situation at Tsavo, Remington and Patterson both agreed that he would take charge of the hunt for the lions. He constructs a new hospital tent for sick and injured workers and tempts the lions to the abandoned building with animal parts and blood. Having your life turned into a Hollywood movie isn't always a positive experience. Unsurprisingly these two lions became known as Tsavos man-eating lions. What rifle did Michael Douglas use in The Ghost and the Darkness? Benjamin Netanyahu talks to Kevin Connolly about John Henry Patterson. The film also deserves to be remembered for a slogan designed to reassure audiences that the coming of startling 3-D realism didn't mean the end of old-fashioned romance. [citation needed]. Along the way, Remington recounted a tale about his hometown, before they tracked the lions to their den. One is that mane development is closely tied to climate because its presence significantly reduces heat loss. The lions may have developed an appetite for humans from eating dead men found in the Tsavo River region. Of course, these are only estimates, but theres a 95% chance that the true figure falls within the range of 4-72. It wasnt exactly a king among beasts, and it supports the idea that big cats are more likely to prey on humans if theyre ill or impaired. While lions are amongst the most dangerous animals in Africa, very few lions earn a reputation for being man-eaters, so what was it about these two Tsavo lions that gave them such notoriety? Many mountain lions are regularly being sighted by my house and I live in Laguna Beach, California. Patterson told the whole story in his best-selling book, The Man-Eaters of Tsavo. Tsavo. Likewise called the Tsavo lions, both of beasts ruled the evening up until they were shot and also eliminated in December 1898 by train engineer Col. John Henry Patterson. Their discussions include the following: An alternative argument indicates that the first lion had a severely damaged tooth that would have compromised its ability to kill natural prey. You can hear Kevin Connolly's radio report about John Henry Patterson on BBC Radio 4's Broadcasting House, at 09:00 GMT on Sunday 30 November - or afterwards on the BBC iPlayer. Tsavo. The Ugandan Railway Company said 28; Patterson claimed it was 135. [4][5], In 2001, a review about causes for man-eating behaviour among lions revealed that the proposed human toll of 100 or more was most likely an exaggeration and that the more likely death toll was 2831 victims. Both maneless male lions are reported to have eliminated as well as eaten 135 employees before the jobs lead, Colonel John Henry Patterson shot as well as killed both pets. Subscribe to the BBC News Magazine's email newsletter to get articles sent to your inbox. Are these boots made from endangered elephants? The location of the bridge over the Tsavo River is very close to the confluence of the Tsavo and Athi-Galana-Sabaki rivers, an area the local African tribe the Kamba people call the place of slaughter. In 1924, he sold the skins and skulls to the Field Museum of Natural History in exchange for $5,000. That night, in a tree, Remington became aware of one of the lions' presence and, after Patterson had wounded it, the two tracked it, with Remington shooting it to death as it lept at Patterson. What happened in the Ukraine helicopter crash? In 1898, railway workers in Tsavo, Kenya were terrorised by a pair of man-eating lions, who killed at least 28 people during a 10-month reign of terror. Your disgusting attempt at making Kenya (or what you would call Africa) seem like a jungle is just that. [1]:65 When the lions returned the attacks intensified, with almost daily killings. , the curator for the Field Museum of Natural History in Chicago, researched why the man-eating lions of Tsavo were maneless and discovered a hypothesis. When he arrived in the capital city of Nairobi, a lion had just killed a woman, and only weeks earlier a cattle herder was killed and eaten. He obtains consumed by one of the maneaters towards the end of the movie. The warriors decide to leave, daunted by the beast, but Remington elects to stay behind. Downplaying his heroics, Remington is shocked to find out that the lions had killed over forty people. [12], Studies indicate the lions ate humans as a supplement to other food, not as a last resort. Recent studies on the isotopic signature analysis of 13C and Nitrogen-15 in their bone collagen and hair keratin were published in 2009. Thats not unusual at Tsavo, said Samuel Kasiki, the deputy director of biodiversity research and monitoring with the Kenya Wildlife Service. Using realistic assumptions on the consumable tissue per victim, lion energetic needs, and their assimilation efficiencies, researchers compared the man-eaters' 13C signatures to various reference standards: Tsavo lions with normal (wildlife) diets, grazers and browsers from Tsavo East and Tsavo West, and the skeletal remains of Taita people from the early 20th century. Yet most males were maneless or retained only remnant tufts on their head or neck. 45-caliber revolver that descendants of Earp say was carried during his time in Tombstone, Ariz., and possibly used in the shootout at the O.K. More than a hundred years after the story, using chemical analysis of the lions hides, the Field Museum suggested the more accurate number to be 35 people eaten, 11 by one lion and 24 by the other. [1]:93103, The construction crew returned and finished the bridge in February 1899. Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu told me that his older brother, Yonathan, was named in honour of John Henry Patterson, who had come to know their father when he lived in New York campaigning for the Zionist cause in the mid-1940s. the workmen at their camp to gather tin cans and noisy instruments, he had them form a semicircle and advance into the bush. On 9th December 1898, Patterson shot one of the lions in its hind leg. Lt. Col. Henry Patterson might have said the same. However, when Patterson's gun misfired when it made its way to him, Remington drove it off, before the Masai, believing the man-eaters were demons, left. A REIGN OF TERROR Ernest Hemingway was intrigued enough to fictionalise the story in The Short Happy Life of Francis Macomber - and true to form it was eventually turned in to yet another movie, The Macomber Affair (1947). John Henry Patterson was a soldier, big-game hunter and writer, whose exploits inspired three Hollywood movies. Afterwards, Remington burried his family and left America forever, becoming a world renowned big-game hunter of legendary status. "135 armed men", Neiburger and Patterson, 2000) though none of these modern studies have taken into account the people who were killed but not eaten by the animals. Reference: PNAS: doi:10.1073/pnas.0905309106, Copyright 1996-2015 National Geographic SocietyCopyright 2015-2023 National Geographic Partners, LLC. The more likely explanation for Tsavos maneless males, Kays and Patterson conclude, is that the blisteringly hot, arid, thornbrush-covered Tsavo habitat makes mane maintenance too costly. The BSA Lee-Speed Sporter rifle is used by Patterson (Val Kilmer) throughout much of the movie. They do not prefer eating other predators meat. The only reason I happened upon this fine article at all is Im watching The Ghost and the Darkness (1996). Patterson wasn't an expert on lions, although he'd shot tigers on military service in India, but to protect his workers and get his bridge finished he resolved to kill the predators. Thats a lot of eating of humans. The American hunter Remington, played by Michael Douglas, who appears in The Ghost and The Darkness is a pure invention - in real-life our Irish hero did it all himself. The skins arrived at the museum in very poor condition. Tsavo male lions generally do not have a mane, though colouration and thickness vary. He was a legendary big-game hunter and tracker world-renowned for his prowess. Over a three-week period Patterson killed both the predators. For eight years, Bruce Patterson, the curator for the Field Museum of Natural History in Chicago, researched why the man-eating lions of Tsavo were maneless and discovered a hypothesis. 140 (recent analysis suggests a lower count). Its not unusual for the continent of Africa either. The second man-eaters death was perhaps even more dramatic. Ive always wanted to visit Africa. It appears that Colonel Patterson may have exaggerated his claims as have subsequent investigators (e.g. Lions normally use their jaws to grab prey like zebras and wildebeests and suffocate them.[14][15]. Ghost and Darkness Trio A BSA Lee-Speed Sporter, Farqueson falling block single shot rifle and a Holland & Holland double barrel rifle. Lieutenant-Colonel John Henry Patterson killed the man-eating lions of Tsavo in December 1898. Flustered, he hadnt fired the left barrel. In 1924, he sold the skins and skulls to the Field Museum of Natural History in exchange for $5,000. According to John, it took 8 men to carry the carcass of the lions back to the campsite once they were killed. He was a very well-in-control man, able to take charge of situations and command them easily and, despite his hunting prowess, did not enjoy killing, choosing to do so only because he had a gift for hunting. The disappearances of workers paralyzed all work. Armed with their rifles and torches, the duo entered it, finding hundreds of human skeletons inside, which caused Remington to realize that the lions where killing for pleasure. The Ghost and the Darkness is based on a true story. It is obtained from a Maasai word sabuk which suggests river. The beasts that once led a reign of terror in Kenya now delight children and museum visitors in Chicago, Illinois. As the popular depiction of a lion shows it with a gracious mane, we are accustomed to this image. Yeake calculated that one of them probably ate around 11 people in its nine-month hunting spree, but focused mainly on expanding its tastes in herbivores. Not in a day, and not by twins. It took eight men to carry the carcass back to camp. These 6 Viking myths are compelling, but are they true? How big were the tsavo lions. If those mountain lions kill and eat humans in the middle of a cosmopolitan city why would a lion with many folds bigger and heavier than mountain lions would not take advantage of an opportunity in the Jungle or Bushes and attack people who must fetch water, wood, or other daily needs? When they found the lion the next day, Patterson shot it three more times with the same rifle, severely crippling it, and he shot it three times with a third rifle, twice in the chest, and once in the head, which killed it. Of course it is difficult to work a railway under these conditions and until we found an enthusiastic sportsman to get rid of these lions our enterprise was seriously hindered. Twenty days later, on 29th December the second lion was found and shot six times over the course of 11 days. Theres really something about man-eaters that puts people in their rightful place, said, . It measured 2.95 meters from nose to the tip of its tail. In reality, its not unusual for a male lion to be maneless. Screenshot courtesy of YouTube. Its not unusual for the continent of Africa either. He thought it had some unusual characteristics and when it was eventually seen by a member of faculty at the British Museum in London it turned out to be a sort of unique sub-species that to this day bears Patterson's name, Taurotragus Oryx Pattersonianius. Today, the Tsavo Man-Eaters are some of the most widely studied man-eating pantherine cats given their behavior of hunting humans as a pair as well as dental injuries reported in one of the lions, a cause commonly attributed to big cats turning to humans as prey. Courtesy: The Jabotinsky Institute. They are significant for their uncommon actions of eliminating guys and the way of their strikes. It is derived from a Maasai word sabuk which means river. Headlining the auction was a Colt . Freebase. Was Remington killed by the Tsavo lions? I found the Remington character to be an obnoxious know-it-all. The Tsavo killings took place against a backdrop of intense environmental changes. Quora. Later that night, the remaining lion dragged Remington from his tent and killed him, and his body was later cremated by Patterson and Samuel where they found him. 303 caliber. Later that night, the staying lion dragged Remington from his tent as well as killed him, as well as his body was later on cremated by Patterson and Samuel where they discovered him. What is the true story behind the Ghost and the Darkness? Tsavo male lions generally do not have a mane, though coloration and thickness vary. After a few failed attempts, Remington sets up a trap by using Patterson, with a baboon as bait, and thereby manages to kill one of the lions. What is the fastest speed a lion can run? Do Tsavo lions still exist? The two male lions, which went mostly unseen, were named the Ghost and the Darkness. Last Update: Jan 03, 2023. Based on a true story, THE GHOST AND THE DARKNESS takes place in Africa during the late 1890s and concerns two ferocious lions who killed 130 railroad construction workers in only two months. Bwana Devil is generally cited as the first full-colour 3-D movie made in English and so is a Hollywood milestone in itself. The skins arrived at the museum in very poor condition. Despite the workers attempts to ward off the lions with campfires and thorn fences, the attacks continued to the point where they were happening every night. Lieutenant-Colonel John Henry Patterson killed the man-eating lions of Tsavo in December 1898. Theres really something about man-eaters that puts people in their rightful place, said Bruce Patterson. 303 British though the BSA was available in different calibers. They went on to attack and devour approximately 135 people, all of who were . When the lion approached, he fired his smoothbore and connected. Remington later talked with him, Patterson, and Samuel, who he told he wanted with him on the hunt. By 1898 he'd been commissioned to oversee the construction of a railway bridge over a ravine at Tsavo, in Kenya, but found work was being held up by two man-eating lions who were terrorising. At a microscopic level, they found that for the man-eaters, hunting live humans might have been preferred over gnawing the bones of dead animals, which is much harder on the teeth. According to Bruce Patterson in his 2004 book The Lions of Tsavo: Exploring the Legacy of Africas Notorious Man-Eaters, these lions started hunting men for one or more of these four reasons: The two lions were maneless for biological factors. Patterson became a passionate supporter of Zionism and the ranks of the detachment he commanded included influential heroes of the cause, including Ze'ev Jabotinsky and Joseph Trumpeldor. Animal-friendly laws are gaining traction across the U.S. COVID-19 is more widespread in animals than we thought. Other factors included a severe drought in the region, a virus called rinderpest that killed prey like buffalo and a caravan route that the railroad followed. [9] The diet of the victims would also affect their isotopic signature. Are all Tsavo lions maneless? How everywhere chemicals help uterine fibroids grow, A look inside the world of the Neanderthals, Japan confronts a stark reality: a nation of old people, Why the new Alzheimers drug elicits optimism and caution, Feeling sick? It was her fault for not having enough situational awareness. to full-body mount them, the lions ended up much smaller in size than they were in real life. Can fasting help you live longer? He fought for the south in the American Civil War, losing both his family and land at the conclusion. Entdecke The Ghost and the Darkness (DVD, 1998) KAUFEN 2 ERHALTEN SIE 1 KOSTENLOS in groer Auswahl Vergleichen Angebote und Preise Online kaufen bei eBay Kostenlose Lieferung fr viele Artikel! [11] However, this theory has been generally disregarded by the general public, and Colonel Patterson, who killed the lions, personally disclaimed it, saying that he damaged that tooth with his rifle while the lion charged him one night, prompting it to flee. In the book, he doesn't say what gun he used to shoot the first lion, only that he was on a hunting platform and his first shot entered in the area of the shoulder and penetrated to the heart.
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