The US 6th Army Group fanned out to the southwest, passing to the east of Switzerland through Bavaria and into Austria and northern Italy.[when?] That was sometimes done if the deceased was, for example, an ammunition worker, air raid victim or a civilian worker who for some other reason died because of the war. The number of partisans escalated during the final insurrection of April 1945. The breakout by service is as follows: Army 234,874. [242][243], The total war dead in the USSR includes about 1million[244] victims of Stalin's regime. 5-Figures of missing include POWs held by Allies. The Western Front was a military theatre of World War II encompassing Denmark, Norway, Luxembourg, Belgium, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom, France, Italy [citation needed], and Germany. Military Losses by theatre of war: Italy 74,725 (37,573 post armistice); France 2,060 (1,039 post armistice); Studies on the Population of China, 13681953. Seventh and Third Armies) into southeastern Germany and Austria. The breakout by service is as follows: Army 318,274 (234,874 battle, 83,400 nonbattle). Bevlkerungsbilanzen fr die deutschen Vertreibungsgebiete 1939/50.Herausgeber: Statistisches Bundesamt Wiesbaden Stuttgart: Verlag W. Kohlhammer, 1958. Civilian war dead were approximately 2,100, French military war of 210,000 dead include 150,000 regular forces (193940. Military deaths from all causes totaled 21-25 million, including deaths in captivity of about 5 million prisoners of war. Forced laborers in Southeast Asia: 70,000, 30,000 interned non-Asian civilians, The number killed in action was 2,303,320; died of wounds, disease or accidents 500,165; 11,000 sentenced to death by court martial; 2,007,571. A total of 2,419 American civilian internees were listed as dead and missing. other and unknown 6,844 (3,695 post armistice). Population Changes in Europe Since 1939, Geneva 1951.p.44-45. The Japanese interned 105,530 Dutch civilians in the East Indies, of whom 13,567 died. According to the Czechoslovak State Statistical Office the population at 1/1/1939 (within post war 19451992 borders) was 14,612,000. The Nazis exterminated one to two million Soviet Jews (including the annexed territories) as part of the Holocaust. The German army (or Heer) was the most complicit as a result of being on the ground in Germany's eastern campaigns, but all branches participated. Liudskie poteri v Velikoi Otechestvennoi voine 19411945 gg: Statisticheskoe issledovanie (Human Losses in the Great Patriotic War 19411945 A Statistical Investigation). The following notes summarize German casualties, the details are presented in German casualties in World War II. [259], Deported to special settlements: (figures are for deportations to Special Settlements only, not including those executed, sent to Gulag labor camps or conscripted into the Soviet Army. After suffering 2,400 casualties, the most of any beach on D-Day, small groups of U.S. soldiers were able to break through the defenses, opening the way for successive waves. Ho Ping-ti. Military History Research Office (Germany), World War II casualties of the Soviet Union, the deportation of Ukrainians from Poland to the USSR in 194447, the flight and expulsion of Poles from the USSR 194447, territories of Poland annexed by the Soviet Union, PolishSoviet border agreement of August 1945, other victims persecuted and killed by the Nazis, German mistreatment of Soviet prisoners of war, western civilians interned by the Japanese, Czechoslovak military units on Eastern front, Soviet bombing raids against Estonian cities, Finnish Volunteer Battalion of the Waffen-SS, German Armed Forces Military History Research Office, flight and expulsion of Germans (194450), flight and expulsion of Germans (19441950), forced labor of Germans in the Soviet Union, Demographic estimates of the flight and expulsion of Germans, Forced labor of Germans in the Soviet Union, Axis occupation of Greece during World War II, a list that lists the names of some 35,000 RSI military personnel killed in action or executed, The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, deaths during the Soviet occupation in 194041, Yugoslav death march of Nazi collaborators, "International Programs Historical Estimates of World Population U.S. Census Bureau", Rulers and victims: the Russians in the Soviet Union, "Source List and Detailed Death Tolls for the Twentieth Century Hemoclysm", "Deaths as a result of service with Australian units (AWM) web page", "Australian Military Statistics World War II A Global Perspective", "Food Supply in Java during War and Decolonisation, 19401950", http://www.japanfocus.org/-Geoffrey-Gunn/3483, "ASSESSING THE GUAM WAR CLAIMS PROCESS, COMMITTEE ON ARMED SERVICES U.S. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Dec. 12, 2009", "Hve margir slendingar du seinni heimsstyrjldinni? 43,110 Germans killed or missing, 111,640 wounded, no information is provided on any who were captured. Losses of about 10,000 in the German Armed Forces are not included in these figures, they are included with German military casualties. : -Human Losses of the USSR in the Period of WWII: Collection of Articles. MacArthur in Japan: The Occupation: Military Phase, Volume I Supplement U.S. Government printing Office 1966, p. 130, endnote 36", "Overall Report of Damage Sustained by the Nation During the Pacific War Economic Stabilization Agency, Planning Department, Office of the Secretary General, 1949", "Hiroshima, Nagasaki, and Subsequent Weapons Testing". [598] The USHMM reports between 77,000 and 99,000 persons were killed at the Jasenovac and Stara Gradika concentration camps. (1.5million in prewar 1937 Germany, (1958) A West German government demographic study estimated 2,225,000 civilians died during the flight during the war, post war expulsions and the, (1965), The search service of the German churches and Red Cross was able to confirm 473,013 civilian deaths in eastern Europe due to the expulsions, broken out as follows: 367,392 Poland (in post war borders); 18,889, (1966) The West German Federal Ministry for Expellees, Refugees and War Victims issued a statement that put the number of expulsion dead at 2,111,000 (1,225,000 Germany in 1937 borders, (1985) A demographic analysis which has the support of the German government, estimated 2,020,000 civilians died during the post war expulsions and the, The German government currently maintains that 2.0million civilians perished in the flight and expulsion from Eastern Europe. in Demographic Trends and Patterns in the Soviet Union Before 1991. , , ed. 3133. According to Sergei Maksudov, a Russian demographer living in the west, the population of the territories annexed by the USSR was 23million less the net population transfers out of 3million persons who emigrated from the USSR including 2,136,000 Poles who left the USSR; 115,000 Polish soldiers of the, Polish sources put the number of refugees from the. ", "Commonwealth War Graves Commission Annual Report 2014-2015 p. 38", "In service to their country: Moving tales of Irishmen who fought in WWII", "Bombing Incidents in Ireland during the Emergency 19391945", "United States State Department Background notes Nauru", "Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS) Netherlands", "Newfoundlanders and Labradorians in WWII", "Auckland War Museum, World War Two Hall of Memories", "Research Starters: Worldwide Deaths in World War II", "AJR-27 War crimes: Japanese military during World War II", "Department of Defence (Australia), 2002, "A Short History of East Timor", "Soviet Armed Forces Losses in Wars, Combat Operations and Military Conflicts: A Statistical Study", "Michael Ellman and S. Maksudov, Soviet Deaths in the Great Patriotic War:a note-World War II - Europe Asia Studies, July 1994", "The extent of human losses USSR in the Great Patriotic War (in Russian)", "The Diplomacy of Apology: U.S. Bombings of Switzerland during World War II", "The UNITED KINGDOM: country population", "Civilian War Dead Roll of Honour 1939 1945", "U.S. Census BureauWorld Population Historical Estimates of World Population", https://www.digizeitschriften.de/de/openaccess, "Bundeskanzleramt der Republik sterreich Startseite Bundeskanzleramt sterreich", Bundesarchiv Euthanasie" im Nationalsozialismus, http://www.digizeitschriften.de/de/openaccess, Statistisches Jahrbuch fr die Bundesrepublik Deutschland 1960 Bonn 1961 p.79, " (Repatriation of displaced Soviet citizens)", "Political Migrations on Polish Territories 19391950", "Yad Vashem The Shoah Victims' Names Recovery Project", "Yad Vashem: About the Central Database of Shoah Victims' Names: FAQs", "File:Hungary in 1941 with territories annexed in 1938-1941.png", "De vervolging van gemengd-gehuwde joden in Nederland Teruggefloten door Hitler", "United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. The port of Antwerp was liberated on 4 September by the British 11th Armoured Division. 3133 (figure includes 170,000 German Jews). These figures are for Germany in 1937 borders, (1956) The West German Statistisches Bundesamt (Federal Statistical Office)estimated total war dead of 5,650,000 = (3,760,000) military; (430,000) civilians killed in bombing raids and the land campaign; (1,260,000) deaths to expulsion from Poland and (200,000) victims of Nazi racial, religious or political persecution. The statistics tabulated by the CWGC are representative of the number of names commemorated for all servicemen/women of the Armed Forces of the Commonwealth and former UKDependencies, whose death was attributable to their war service. Field Marshal Sir Bernard Montgomery, commanding the Anglo-Canadian 21st Army Group, persuaded the Allied High Command to launch a bold attack, Operation Market Garden, which he hoped would get the Allies across the Rhine and create the narrow-front he favoured. Retrieved 4 March 2016. Fighting on the Western Front was preceded by the Phony War. Okinawa: 67,900, 21,500, (89,400) These figures included the losses of Newfoundland and Southern Rhodesia. There are no reliable figures for the casualties of the Soviet Union and China, the two countries in which casualties were undoubtedly greatest. According to the College of Education of the University of South Florida "Approximately 11 million people were killed because of Nazi genocidal policy". 3- The section The Effect of Bombing on Health and Medical Care in Germany of January 1947 made a preliminary calculated estimate of air raid dead at 422,000. Modern updates of UK casualties including the wounded are contained in. British casualties on the first day totalled 58,000, the worst single day loss of the war. Included in the figures of total war dead for each nation are victims of the Holocaust. [42] This later caused some friction with the Yugoslav forces, notably around Trieste. 105658, Tables 608-09, Japan Statistical Year-Book, 1949 [etc.]. [247] The Russian scholar Viktor Zemskov puts the death toll from 1941 to 1945 at about 1million based on data from the Soviet archives. The crossing of the Rhine was achieved at four points: Once the Allies had crossed the Rhine, the British fanned out northeast towards Hamburg crossing the river Elbe and on towards Denmark and the Baltic. The West German government in made a rough estimate in 1956 of 20,000 civilians killed during the 1945 military campaign in current post war German borders, not including the former German territories in Poland. The attacks employed massive artillery bombardments and massed infantry advances. Under the onslaught in both the north and south of France, the German Army fell back. For nations that suffered huge losses such as the Soviet Union, China, Poland, Germany, and Yugoslavia, sources can give only the total estimated population loss caused by the war and a rough estimate of the breakdown of deaths caused by military activity, crimes against humanity and war-related famine. They encircled around 200,000 Germans in the Falaise Pocket. However, at least one historian has compared the 1943 famine there to the, The war dead of 11,907 listed here are those reported by the, The preliminary 1945 data for South African losses was killed 6,840, missing 1,841 wounded 14,363 and, This territory includes areas now known as the. General Franz Bhme announced the unconditional surrender of German troops in Norway. Military deaths from all causes totaled 2125million, including deaths in captivity of about 5million prisoners of war. (1950) The West German government made a preliminary estimate of 3.0million civilian deaths in the expulsions. Bismarck Archipelago: 19,700, 10,800, (30,500) Ministero della Difesa Edizioni 1986 (in Italian). Altogether 35,000 of the 240,000 Europeans died; most of them were men of working age.". & Jap. Werner Gruhl estimates China's total war losses at 15,554,000, Civilians :12,392,000 including (8,191,000) due to the Japanese brutality and military dead 3,162,000. It also includes foreign volunteers who died during their service in Finland and Finnish SS-men who died while serving in the German army. With its main thrust again through the Hrtgen Forest, the offensive drove the Allies to the Rur River, but failed in its core objectives to capture the Rur dams and pave the way towards the Rhine. 95% of POWs taken by the Germans on the Western front survived. Wiesbaden, Distribution: F. Steiner, 1961 pp. The official UK report on war casualties of June 1946 provided a summary of the UK war losses, excluding colonies. Tokyo, July 1948. p.20, Japan Statistical Year-Book, 1949 [etc.]. Merchant Mariners killed in World War II are listed by USMM.org. A joint CzechGerman Historical Commission determined that between 15,000 and 30,000 Germans perished in the expulsions. [1] Deaths directly caused by the war (including military and civilian fatalities) are estimated at 5056million, with an additional estimated 1928million deaths from war-related disease and famine. 21st Army Group was then instead ordered to move northeast toward Bremen and Hamburg. [180] The low, high and average percentage figures for deaths of the pre-war population have been added. in the Dutch famine of 1944. About 298,000 Americans died. Heike Liebau et al., World in World Wars: Experiences, Perceptions, and Perspectives from Africa and Asia.
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